See image — IUPAC and Nomenclature Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1 - Identify the parent ring: The structure shows a benzene ring, which serves as the parent compound. Step 2 - Identify the substituents: Two substituents are present on the benzene ring. The first is an ethyl group (-CH2CH3) attached directly to the ring. The second is a nitro group (-NO2, drawn as -N+(=O)O-) attached to the ring. Step 3 - Determine the positions: The two substituents are at meta positions relative to each other (1,3-positions on the benzene ring). In the structure shown, the ethyl group is at the top of the ring and the nitro group is at the meta (1,3) position. Step 4 - Apply IUPAC nomenclature rules: When naming disubstituted benzenes by IUPAC rules, we number the ring to give the substituents the lowest possible locants. We also list substituents alphabetically. 'Ethyl' (e) comes before 'nitro' (n) alphabetically, so ethyl gets the lower locant (1) and nitro gets position 3, giving 1-ethyl-3-nitrobenzene. Step 5 - Confirm: The name 1-ethyl-3-nitrobenzene correctly describes a benzene ring bearing an ethyl group at C1 and a nitro group at C3 (meta relationship), which matches the drawn structure exactly. Therefore, the correct answer is 1-ethyl-3-nitrobenzene.