A mixture of liquids 'A' and 'B' in the molar ratio 1:2 forms a maximum boiling azeotrope. Identify — Solutions and Colligative Properties Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

The azeotrope occurs at 1 mole A (100 g) to 2 moles B ($2 \times 50 = 100$ g), which is 50% A by mass. At this point, liquid and vapour compositions are identical, making (a) correct. For a maximum boiling azeotrope, mixtures richer in the more volatile component A (>50%) will have vapours even richer in A, making (b) correct. A 1:3 molar ratio has excess B relative to the 1:2 azeotrope. Fractional distillation of this mixture will yield pure B and the azeotrope, not pure A. Thus, statement (c) is incorrect. A 2:3 ratio has excess A, yielding pure A and the azeotrope, making (d) correct. Therefore, correct answer is C.