Read the Assertion and Reason below and choose the correct option. — Solutions and Colligative Properties Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Statement I is false; relative lowering of vapour pressure ($P^\circ - P / P^\circ = X_{\text{solute}}$) depends purely on the mole fraction of the solute and not on the specific identity or nature of the solvent. Statement II is true; colligative properties depend on concentration (an intensive variable), meaning a change in the total volume of the solution does not change the property's value. Therefore, correct answer is D.