Read the Assertion and Reason below and choose the correct option. — Ionic Equilibrium Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

A solution of $\text{NaHCO}_3$ is weakly basic ($\text{pH} \approx 8.3$). Phenolphthalein changes color between pH 8.0 and 10.0 and is colorless below 8.0. Adding HCl lowers the pH further into the acidic range, so the indicator remains colorless and no color change is observed (Statement I is true). HCl certainly reacts with $\text{NaHCO}_3$ to form NaCl, $\text{H}_2\text{O}$, and $\text{CO}_2$, irrespective of the indicator's presence. Thus, Statement II is false.