K_p for the process: CuSO₄·5H₂O(s) ⇌ CuSO₄·3H₂O(s) + 2H₂O(g) is 1.21 × 10⁻⁴ atm² at certain temperat — Chemical Equilibrium Chemistry Question
Question
K_p for the process: CuSO₄·5H₂O(s) ⇌ CuSO₄·3H₂O(s) + 2H₂O(g) is 1.21 × 10⁻⁴ atm² at certain temperature. If aqueous tension at that temperature is 40 torr, then at what relative humidity of air will CuSO₄·5H₂O effloresces?
Answer: D
💡 Solution & Explanation
K_p = P_H₂O² = 1.21 × 10⁻⁴ atm². Thus, P_H₂O = 1.1 × 10⁻² atm = 0.011 atm. Converting to torr: 0.011 × 760 = 8.36 torr. Relative humidity = (P_H₂O at equilibrium / Aqueous tension) × 100 = (8.36 / 40) × 100 = 20.9%. Efflorescence occurs when ambient humidity is below the equilibrium humidity. Therefore, correct answer is D.
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