Read the Assertion and Reason below and choose the correct option. — States of Matter and Gaseous State Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Statement I is incorrect. The excluded volume (or co-volume) for $n$ moles is $nb$. The term $(V - nb)$ represents the free or available volume for the molecules to move. Statement II is correct, as the co-volume $b$ is directly related to the actual size of the molecules ($b = 4 \times N_A \times \text{volume of one molecule}$). Therefore, correct answer is D.