See image — GOC and Organic Chemistry Basics Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

# Acid and Basic Strength Analysis ## Acid Strength (Compounds I, II, III, IV) **Comparing I vs II:** - Compound I: Benzoic acid (aromatic $COOH$) - Compound II: Methylbenzoic acid with electron-donating $CH_3$ group - The $CH_3$ group increases electron density → weakens acidity - **I > II** ✓ **Comparing III vs IV:** - Compound III: Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (aliphatic $COOH$) - Compound IV: Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid with $CH_3$ substituent - The $CH_3$ group is electron-donating → weakens acidity - **III > IV** ✓ ## Basic Strength (Compounds V, VI, VII, VIII) **Comparing V vs VI:** - Compound V: Cyclohexylamine (aliphatic $NH_2$) - Compound VI: Methylcyclohexylamine with electron-donating $CH_3$ - The $CH_3$ group increases electron density on N → enhances basicity - **V < VI** ✓ **Comparing VII vs VIII:** - Compound VII: Aniline (aromatic $NH_2$) - Compound VIII: Methylaniline (aromatic $NH_2$ with electron-donating $CH_3$) - The $CH_3$ group increases electron density on N → enhances basicity - However, aromaticity stabilizes the lone pair in VII, making it less basic than VIII - **VII > VIII** ✓ **Answer: (B) $I < II$; $III > IV$; $V < VI$; $VII > VIII$** Wait—reviewing: aromatic amines are **weaker bases** than aliphatic amines due to resonance stabilization of the lone pair. Thus VII < VIII makes VIII more basic. The correct answer **(B)** correctly identifies all four relationships.