See image — GOC and Organic Chemistry Basics Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

**Step-by-step solution:** **1) Identify the starting material:** The reactant is chlorobenzene ($C_6H_5Cl$) with chlorine at position 1. **2) Understand the reaction:** Chlorobenzene reacts with $NH_3^{\ominus}$ (amide anion, a strong nucleophile and base) under conditions that favor nucleophilic aromatic substitution. **3) Mechanism - Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution:** - $NH_3^{\ominus}$ attacks the aromatic ring (nucleophilic attack on carbon bearing Cl) - Forms a negatively charged Meisenheimer intermediate (σ-complex) - Chlorine leaves as a leaving group ($Cl^-$) - Aromaticity is restored, yielding aniline derivative **4) Regioselectivity:** The chlorine substituent is replaced by $NH_3^{\ominus}$, producing aniline ($C_6H5NH_2$ or its anionic form). **5) Why option (A) is correct:** Option (A) shows the methyl group ($CH_3$) at position 1 (top of the ring). This represents **$N$-methylaniline or toluidine**, which is the expected product where: - The $Cl$ atom at position 1 is replaced by $NH_2$ (or $NH_3^{\ominus}$) - The amino group becomes the substituent at position 1 - Upon workup, $NH_3^{\ominus}$ is protonated to give neutral $NH_2$ **Answer: (A)** - Shows aniline with the amino group correctly positioned where chlorine was originally attached.