See image — GOC and Organic Chemistry Basics Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

# Carbanion Stability Analysis **Step 1: Identify the carbanions** - (I) $\overline{C}H_3$ — methyl carbanion (primary) - (II) $C_6H_5\overline{C}H_2$ — benzyl carbanion (primary but resonance-stabilized) - (III) $(CH_3)_3\overline{C}$ — tert-butyl carbanion (tertiary, highly alkyl-substituted) **Step 2: Apply carbanion stability rules** Carbanion stability depends on: 1. **Resonance stabilization** (most important) 2. **Hyperconjugation/inductive effects** from alkyl groups **Step 3: Evaluate each carbanion** - **(II) Benzyl carbanion:** The negative charge is delocalized through the aromatic ring via resonance, providing exceptional stabilization. **Most stable.** - **(III) tert-Butyl carbanion:** Three alkyl groups provide electron donation and hyperconjugation. **Moderately stable.** - **(I) Methyl carbanion:** No alkyl groups, no resonance. **Least stable.** **Step 4: Determine order** $$\text{Stability: II} > \text{III} > \text{I}$$ **Answer: (4) II > III > I** ✓ The benzyl carbanion's resonance stabilization dominates, making it far more stable than the alkyl-stabilized tert-butyl carbanion.