See image — GOC and Organic Chemistry Basics Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

# Solution: Identifying the Non-Electrophilic Species **Understanding Electrophilicity:** An electrophile is a species that accepts electron pairs. It's electron-deficient and attracted to regions of high electron density (nucleophiles). **Analyzing Each Species:** **(1) $BH_3$** — Electrophilic - Boron has only 6 electrons (incomplete octet) - Electron-deficient → readily accepts electron pairs - Classic electrophile **(2) $H_3O^⊕$** — Electrophilic - Positively charged oxygen - Deficient in electrons → strong electrophile - Accepts electron pairs from $O-H$ bonds **(3) $CH_3^⊕$** — Electrophilic - Positively charged carbon (carbocation) - Only 6 electrons around carbon - Electron-deficient → strong electrophile **(4) $Cl^⊕$** — **NOT Electrophilic** - Chlorine is highly electronegative - Even with a positive charge, Cl tends to **repel** nucleophiles due to its high electronegativity - The positive charge is unstable on an electronegative atom - Chlorine prefers to act as an **electrofuge** (leaving group) rather than accept electrons **Answer: Option (4) $Cl^⊕$** is not electrophilic because the positive charge on an electronegative atom is highly unfavorable, and Cl acts as an electrofuge instead of accepting electron pairs.