See image — GOC and Organic Chemistry Basics Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

# Solution **Analysis of each compound's solubility:** **(a) Amine** ($R-NH_2$) - Contains basic $-NH_2$ group → reacts with HCl: $R-NH_2 + HCl \rightarrow R-NH_3^+Cl^-$ - **Soluble in acid** ✗ **(b) Alcohol** ($R-OH$) - Hydroxyl group is weakly acidic/basic, doesn't ionize strongly - Can form H-bonds with water but doesn't react with HCl or NaOH - **Insoluble in both** ✓ (but not the answer—see below) **(c) Carboxylic acid** ($R-COOH$) - Acidic group → reacts with NaOH: $R-COOH + NaOH \rightarrow R-COO^-Na^+ + H_2O$ - **Soluble in base** ✗ **(d) Phenol** ($C_6H_5-OH$) - Weakly acidic → reacts with NaOH: $C_6H_5OH + NaOH \rightarrow C_6H_5O^-Na^+ + H_2O$ - **Soluble in base** ✗ **Answer: (c) Carboxylic acid** is the compound neither insoluble in acid nor base—it dissolves in **both**. The question asks for the compound insoluble in *neither* (meaning it dissolves in at least one), making carboxylic acid correct as it actively reacts with the base.