Which of the following thermodynamic relations accurately defines the reaction quotient () in terms — Chemical Equilibrium Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

The fundamental thermodynamic equation relating non-standard free energy to the reaction quotient is $\Delta G = \Delta G^\circ + RT \ln Q$. At equilibrium, $\Delta G = 0$ and $Q = K$, which simplifies to $\Delta G^\circ = -RT \ln K$. Option B is the universally correct equation for any stage of the reaction.