Benzene diazonium chloride () is recognized as a highly versatile synthetic intermediate. Which of the following complex transformations can be successfully executed using this specific reagent?

Question

Benzene diazonium chloride ($C_6H_5N_2^+Cl^-$) is recognized as a highly versatile synthetic intermediate. Which of the following complex transformations can be successfully executed using this specific reagent?

Prashant Kotian · Accepted Answer

Correct answer: A,B,C,D. The extreme thermodynamic driving force to expel stable gas makes diazonium salts immensely reactive. (A) describes the classic Baltz-Schiemann synthesis of aryl fluorides. (B) accurately details the copper(I)-catalyzed Sandmeyer reaction for aryl chlorides. (C) is a textbook azo coupling; tertiary aromatic amines exclusively couple via C-attack since they lack an N-H bond to form diazoamino compounds. (D) Gomberg-Bachmann reaction couples diazonium salts with other arenes (like benzene) in basic conditions to form biaryls.

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