The first ionization enthalpies () of the Group 13 elements exhibit an irregular trend due to transition and lanthanide contractions. Which of the following represents the CORRECT increasing order of

Question

The first ionization enthalpies ($IE_1$) of the Group 13 elements exhibit an irregular trend due to transition and lanthanide contractions. Which of the following represents the CORRECT increasing order of $IE_1$ for these elements?

Prashant Kotian · Accepted Answer

Correct answer: C. The expected group trend is a continuous decrease down the group. However, poor shielding by electrons (transition contraction) makes , and poor shielding by electrons (lanthanide contraction) makes . The overall actual increasing order is .

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