To synthesize methyl tert-butyl ether via the Williamson synthesis, sodium tert-butoxide must react — Alcohols Phenols and Ethers Chemistry Question
Question
To synthesize methyl tert-butyl ether via the Williamson synthesis, sodium tert-butoxide must react with methyl bromide. Because the reaction follows a concerted bimolecular nucleophilic substitution pathway, what is the exact kinetic molecularity of the rate-determining step?
💡 Solution & Explanation
The Williamson ether synthesis strictly follows an $S_N2$ mechanism (Substitution Nucleophilic Bimolecular). In an $S_N2$ reaction, the rate-determining step involves the simultaneous collision and reaction of two species (the nucleophilic alkoxide and the electrophilic alkyl halide), making the molecularity exactly 2.