The successive ionization energies of an unknown element are given as , , , and . Which of the follo — Periodic Table and Periodicity Chemistry Question
Question
The successive ionization energies of an unknown element $X$ are given as $IE_1 = 165$, $IE_2 = 195$, $IE_3 = 556$, and $IE_4 = 595 \text{ kcal/mol}$. Which of the following represents the most likely ground-state electronic configuration of element $X$?
💡 Solution & Explanation
A massive, sudden jump in successive ionization energy occurs between $IE_2$ ($195 \text{ kcal/mol}$) and $IE_3$ ($556 \text{ kcal/mol}$). This indicates that the third electron is being removed from a highly stable, completely filled noble gas inner core. Thus, the neutral element must have exactly 2 valence electrons, matching the alkaline earth metal configuration $1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2$.