The presence of an electron-withdrawing group at which position(s) with respect to the halogen most effectively facilitates the reaction?

Question

The presence of an electron-withdrawing $-NO_2$ group at which position(s) with respect to the halogen most effectively facilitates the $S_NAr$ reaction?

Prashant Kotian · Accepted Answer

Correct answer: D. The group withdraws electron density via the (mesomeric) effect. This effectively stabilizes the intermediate carbanion strictly when the group is located at the ortho or para positions relative to the leaving halogen.

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