HydrogenmediumNUMERICAL

At what exact temperature (in degrees Celsius) does ordinary liquid water attain its maximum densityHydrogen Chemistry Question

Question

At what exact temperature (in degrees Celsius) does ordinary liquid water attain its maximum density before the formation of the open-cage hydrogen-bonded structure causes it to expand as it freezes?

Answer: 4

💡 Solution & Explanation

Water exhibits anomalous expansion. Its density is maximum at $4^\circ C$ (or $277\text{ K}$). Below this temperature, it begins to form an open, cage-like structure via hydrogen bonding, which increases its volume and lowers its density until it solidifies at $0^\circ C$.

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