See image — IUPAC and Nomenclature Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1: Identify the parent chain/ring. The compound contains a benzene ring with three substituents, so the parent name is 'benzene' or, since one substituent is a carboxylic acid ester (-COOC2H5), the principal characteristic group is the ester, making the parent 'benzoate' (ethyl ester of benzoic acid). Step 2: Identify the ester group. The -C(=O)-O-CH2CH3 group attached to the ring is an ethyl ester of a benzoic acid derivative, so the base name is 'ethyl benzoate'. Step 3: Identify and number the substituents. The carbon bearing the ester group is C-1 (by IUPAC convention, the principal characteristic group gets the lowest locant). Moving around the ring, the chloro (-Cl) group is at C-3 and the bromo (-Br) group is at C-4, as seen in the structural drawing. Step 4: Apply numbering to minimize locants. The ester carbon is C-1. Going in the direction that gives lower locants to substituents, Cl is at C-3 and Br is at C-4 (set {3,4} vs {4,5} in the other direction — {3,4} is lower). Step 5: Alphabetical order for substituents in the name. Bromo (4) and chloro (3) are listed alphabetically: 'bromo' before 'chloro' — so the name is ethyl 4-bromo-3-chlorobenzoate. Step 6: Construct the full IUPAC name: ethyl 4-bromo-3-chlorobenzoate. Therefore, the correct answer is ethyl 4-bromo-3-chlorobenzoate.