The dipole moment of HCl is 1.03 D , if H—Cl bond distance is 1.26 Å, what is the percentage of ioni — Chemical Bonding Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1: The percentage of ionic character in a covalent bond is calculated as the ratio of the observed dipole moment to the theoretical dipole moment for a 100% ionic bond, multiplied by 100. Step 2: The theoretical dipole moment (μ_theo) for a 100% ionic bond is calculated as μ_theo = q * d = (4.8 * 10^-10 esu) * (1.26 * 10^-8 cm) = 6.05 * 10^-18 esu·cm = 6.05 D. Step 3: Percentage of ionic character = (1.03 D / 6.05 D) * 100 = 17.0%. Thus, the correct option is (d).