See image — GOC and Organic Chemistry Basics Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1 – Identify the atoms involved in Bond X. The arrow labeled X points to the C–C single bond connecting the sp2 carbon of the trisubstituted alkene (left double bond, C=C) to the carbon that bears the –CH2CH2C≡CH chain. The left carbon is part of a C=C double bond, making it sp2 hybridized. The carbon on the right side of bond X is a tetrahedral carbon bearing four single-bond substituents (the alkene carbon, two CH2 groups leading to the alkyne, and the vinyl substituent's attachment), making it sp3 hybridized. Step 2 – Determine hybridization of each atom in Bond X. • The carbon on the alkene side of bond X: involved in a C=C double bond → sp2 hybridized. • The carbon on the chain side of bond X: four single bonds, no double or triple bonds directly on it → sp3 hybridized. Step 3 – Conclude the orbital overlap. Bond X is a sigma bond formed by the overlap of an sp2 orbital (from the alkene carbon) and an sp3 orbital (from the adjacent tetrahedral carbon). This corresponds to answer choice (c) sp2 and sp3. Step 4 – Eliminate other options. • (a) sp and sp3: would require a carbon directly involved in a triple bond, which is not the case here for bond X. • (b) sp and sp2: again requires a triple-bond carbon at bond X, which it is not. • (d) none of these: incorrect since (c) correctly describes the overlap. Therefore, the correct answer is C.