See image — IUPAC and Nomenclature Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1 (Identify the parent structure): The molecule contains a benzene ring as the parent aromatic system. Step 2 (Identify substituents): Two substituents are present on the benzene ring: a) A carboxylic acid group (-COOH) attached directly to the ring. b) A trichloromethyl group (-CCl3) attached directly to the ring. Step 3 (Determine positions/regiochemistry): The two substituents are in a meta (1,3) relationship to each other on the benzene ring, as shown by the structural drawing. Step 4 (Apply IUPAC nomenclature rules): When naming a substituted benzoic acid, the -COOH carbon is C1 by convention. The -CCl3 group is at C3 (meta position). The substituent -CCl3 is named 'trichloromethyl'. Therefore, the full IUPAC name is 3-(trichloromethyl)benzoic acid. Step 5 (Verify): The prefix '3-' indicates meta substitution, '(trichloromethyl)' describes the -CCl3 group, and 'benzoic acid' denotes the benzene ring bearing the carboxylic acid as the principal characteristic group. All structural features match. Therefore, the correct answer is 3-(trichloromethyl)benzoic acid.