See image — IUPAC and Nomenclature Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1: Identify the parent structure and functional groups. The compound has a benzene ring with two substituents at ortho (1,2) positions: - One substituent: -CO-O-C2H5 (an ester group, specifically an ethyl ester) - Other substituent: -CO-Cl (an acid chloride / acyl chloride group, also called chlorocarbonyl group) Step 2: Determine the principal characteristic group for the parent chain/name. Between an ester (-COOR) and an acid chloride (-COCl), both are acyl derivatives. In IUPAC nomenclature, when both groups are present on a benzene ring, we must select the principal characteristic group. Acid chlorides and esters are both carboxylic acid derivatives. The ester (-COOEt) is named as the principal group giving the base name 'benzoate' (ethyl benzoate), while the -COCl group becomes a substituent named 'chlorocarbonyl'. Step 3: Name the compound. - The ester group -CO-O-C2H5 attached to benzene gives the base name: ethyl benzoate - The -CO-Cl group at the ortho position is named as a prefix substituent: chlorocarbonyl - The position of the chlorocarbonyl group relative to the ester group is 2- (ortho) - Full name: ethyl 2-(chlorocarbonyl)benzoate Step 4: Evaluate other options. (b) ethyl-2-(chlorocarbonyl) hexanoate - incorrect; the parent is benzene ring (benzoate), not a 6-carbon chain (hexanoate) (c) 2-(thoxycarbonyl) benzoyl chloride - incorrect spelling ('thoxycarbonyl' should be 'ethoxycarbonyl'), and the principal group selection is reversed; also the prefix is misspelled (d) None of these - incorrect, since option (a) is correct Therefore, the correct answer is A.