Which pair of elements can form multiple bond with itself and oxygen? — Chemical Bonding Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1: Understand that stable multiple bonds (double or triple bonds) are formed primarily via p-pi p-pi lateral overlap, which requires small atomic sizes to allow sufficient orbital overlap. Step 2: Second-period elements like Nitrogen (N) and Carbon (C) have small atomic radii and compact 2p orbitals, enabling them to form highly stable multiple bonds with themselves (e.g., in N2, alkenes, alkynes) as well as with oxygen (e.g., in CO2, nitrogen oxides). Step 3: Elements from higher periods (like P and Cl) or highly electronegative monovalent terminal atoms (like F) do not typically form stable multiple bonds with themselves or oxygen under normal conditions. Thus, Nitrogen and Carbon are the correct pair, matching option (d).