BF3 and NF3 both are covalent compounds but NF3 is polar whereas BF3 is non-polar. This is because : — Chemical Bonding Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1: Analyze the molecular geometries. BF3 is sp2 hybridized with zero lone pairs on Boron, giving it a highly symmetric trigonal planar geometry. Step 2: NF3 is sp3 hybridized with three bond pairs and one lone pair, yielding an asymmetric pyramidal geometry. Step 3: In trigonal planar BF3, the individual B-F bond dipoles cancel out completely (mu = 0). In pyramidal NF3, the bond dipoles and lone pair dipole reinforce each other, resulting in a net dipole moment (mu > 0). This matches option (c).