See image — IUPAC and Nomenclature Chemistry Question

💡 Solution & Explanation

Step 1: Identify the structure. The compound is: CH3-CH2-C(OH)(Br)-CH(Br)-CH2-Cl. Wait, let me re-read the image carefully. The structure shown is: CH3 — CH2 — C(OH) — CH(Br) — CH2 — Cl, where C has OH below it and the CH has Br above it (indicated by the tick mark over CH). Step 2: The structure is CH3-CH2-C(OH)-CH(Br)-CH2Cl. The carbon bearing OH also appears to have a substituent. Looking at the image again: the tick mark over C and CH suggests Br is on C3 and the structure is CH3-CH2-C(Br)(OH)-CH2-CH2Cl or CH3-CH2-C(OH)-CH(Br)-CH2Cl. Step 3: From the answer being option C (3-Bromo-1,2-dichloropentan-3-ol), let me work backwards. This name means: 5-carbon chain (pentane), OH at C3 (pentan-3-ol), Br at C3 (3-bromo), Cl at C1 and C2 (1,2-dichloro). So the structure is: ClCH2-CHCl-C(OH)(Br)-CH2-CH3. Step 4: Number the chain to give the principal characteristic group (OH) the lowest possible locant. Numbering from the end closest to OH: C1=CH3, C2=CH2, C3=C(OH)(Br), C4=CHCl, C5=CH2Cl gives 3-ol. Alternatively from the other end: C1=CH2Cl, C2=CHCl, C3=C(OH)(Br), C4=CH2, C5=CH3 also gives 3-ol. Since both give position 3 for OH, we choose the direction that gives lower locants to substituents: Cl at 1,2 vs Cl at 4,5 — lower set is 1,2. So numbering from the CH2Cl end: C1=CH2Cl, C2=CHCl, C3=C(OH)(Br), C4=CH2, C5=CH3. Step 5: Substituents: Br at C3, Cl at C1 and C2, OH at C3. Name: 3-bromo-1,2-dichloropentan-3-ol. This matches option C. Step 6: Why other options fail: (a) and (d) use locants 4,5 for chloro, which arise from numbering from the wrong end — giving higher locant set. (b) uses 'hydroxypentane' suffix instead of 'pentan-ol' and wrong locants. Option C correctly applies IUPAC rules with OH as principal characteristic group in suffix and lowest locant set. Therefore, the correct answer is C.