The orbital overlapping gives us better picture about the structure of benzene. All the six carbon atoms in benzene are sp2 hybridised. Two sp2 hybrid orbitals of each carbon atom overlap with sp2 hybrid orbitals of adjacent carbon atoms to form six C–C sigma bonds which are in the hexagonal plane. The remaining sp2 hybrid orbital of each carbon atom overlaps with s orbital of a hydrogen atom to form six C–H sigma bonds, Each carbon atom is now left with one unhybridised p orbital perpendicular to the plane of the ring as shown below The unhybridised p orbital of carbon atoms are close enough
Take chapter-wise tests, track your progress, and master Hydrocarbons.
Start Free Practice →