X-ray diffraction study of benzene reveals that I. It is a planar molecule. II. C–C bond lengths are of the same order which is intermediate between C–C single bond and C–C double bond, III. Benzene is reluctant towards the addition reaction under normal conditions. IV. It explains the unusual behavior of benzene. Which of the above statements are true?

X-ray diffraction data reveals that benzene is a planar molecule had any one of the structures of benzene (A or B) toluene been correct, two types of C—C bond lengths were expected. However, X-ray data indicates that all the six C—C bond lengths are of the same order (139 prn) which is intermediate between C—C single bond (154 pm) and C—C double bond (133 pm). Thus, the absence of pure double bond in benzene accounts for the reluctance of benzene to show addition reactions under normal conditions, thus explaining the unusual behaviour of benzene. 106. What is the ratio of - and -bonds in ben