The Van’t Hoff factors i for an electrolyte which undergoes dissociation and association in solvents are respectively

Van’t Hoff Factor is given by the following formula- No. of particles after dissociation/association No. of particles before dissociation/association i It is known that the number of particles increase on dissociation, hence, i > 1 and the number of particles decrease on association, hence, i < 1. Thus, the correct option is (d)